Fig. 4

Effect of orthodontic pain on neuronal complexity and dendritic spine in ventral hippocampus CA1. A Schematic photomicrographs of neurons (40×) with the allocation of dendrites between repeated 25 μm-spaced concentric rings. B The number of intersections by dendrites of concentric circles spaced at a distance of 25 μm within a distance of 300 μm from the soma. ****P < 0.0001, compared with 2D group; ####P < 0.0001, compared with 5D group; n = 10 per group. C The total dendrite length and number of dendrites in ventral hippocampus CA1 in mice. D Schematic photomicrographs of dendritic spine (100×). E Density statistics of dendritic spines in mice of each group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001; n = 10 per group