Fig. 2

Esketamine reduces inflammation markers in TBI mice. (A) Relative mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in brain tissues (F = 70, 37.41, 74.83, respectively). (B) Serum concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 measured by ELISA (F = 84.34, 134, 48.25, respectively). Statistical significance: Data are represented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001