Fig. 3

LRRK2 G2019S-KI mice exhibit increased LPS-induced astrocyte activation. (A) Representative blots of GFAP and Iba1 expression levels in striatal extracts measured by Western blot analysis. Densitometric quantifications from all biological replicates are shown below. α-Tubulin was used as a loading control. n = 9–12 per group. (B) Substantia nigra-containing brain sections were immunostained with an anti-GFAP antibody (green). Representative confocal images (left) and quantification of the GFAP⁺ area normalized to the total area are shown (right). Scale bar, 100 μm. ^*P < 0.05; ^***P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test. The data are presented as the means ± SEMs