Fig. 4

Histopathological changes of the stomach, small intestine, and colon tissues following traumatic brain injury in the study groups (n = 7 in each group). Results based on hematoxylin and eosin staining with ×100 magnification. (A) Histopathological changes and H&E-stained figures of the stomach tissue are shown as follows: infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells (black arrow), vascular congestion, and capillary dilation (red arrow); (B) Histopathological changes and H&E-stained figures of the small intestine tissue are shown as follows: lymphoplasma cells infiltration in lamina propria along with necrosis of epithelial cells on top of the villi (oranges arrows); (C) Histopathological changes and H&E-stained figures of the colon tissue are shown as follows: colonic mucosa with atrophy and moderate chronic and mild acute inflammatory cells infiltration in lamina propria (that extends to muscularis mucosa and sub mucosa) along with epithelial cells surface damage (Extension of the subepithelial space with moderate lifting of epithelial layer) (green arrows). *** P < 0.001 compared to the Sham group. ### P < 0.001 compared to the TBI and TBI + Veh groups. Veh: vehicle; SC: stem cell; TBI: traumatic brain injury