Fig. 4

Effect of DPDS pre-treatments on cognitive behaviours of DEN intoxicated rats on y-maze test. A alternate arm entry, B spontaneous alternation, C track plot, and D heat map. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 compared to control and DEN-only group. control, DEN Diethyl nitrosamine, or DPDS Diphenyl diselenide