Fig. 6

Chemogenetic activation of the SCN–HDB pathway promotes NREM sleep during the dark phase. A-D The example trial of the chemogenetic experiments. The EEG power spectrum, EEG traces and EMG traces after CNO injection are shown. The white bar represents the vehicle and CNO group in the light phase, and the black bar represents the vehicle and CNO group in the dark phase. E and F After CNO injection, EEG and EMG were recorded continuously during the light and dark phase. Time spent in wakefulness, NREN sleep and REM sleep was counted. G and H The total durations of wakefulness, NREM sleep, and REM sleep in a 4 h period in the vehicle-hM3Dq group and CNO-hM3Dq group during the light and dark phase (N = 6 mice, vehicle-hM3Dq vs. CNO-hM3Dq, One way ANOVA). W means Wake; S means NREM sleep; R means REM sleep