Fig. 5

Chemogenetic activation of the SCN–HDB pathway shorten the lantency during the dark phase. A A simple diagram of the chemogenetic experimental procedure. B Schematic diagram of virus injection in C57BL/6 mice. C The HDB was injected with AAV2/2-Retro-tdTomato-iCre. The scale bar represents 100 μm. D The SCN was injected with AAV-DIO-hM3Dq-eGFP or AAV-DIO-eGFP. SCN neurons projecting to the HDB express eGFP. The scale bar represents 100 μm. E The lantency of the NREM sleep (time form light onset until first NREM sleep) during the light phase (N = 6 mice, *P < 0.05, vehicle-hM3Dq vs. CNO-hM3Dq, paired T test). F The lantency to NREM sleep (time from light off until first NREM sleep) during the dark phase (N = 6 mice, *P < 0.05, vehicle-hM3Dq vs. CNO-hM3Dq, paired T test). Vehicle-hM3Dq: SCN was injected to express eGFP instead of hM3Dq (i.p. NACL); CNO-hM3Dq: SCN was injected to express hM3Dq (i.p. CNO); CNO-GFP: SCN was injected to express eGFP instead of hM3Dq (i.p. CNO)